The Silence of the Oligarchs: Why James Norton's Keeping Mum

For a man who consistently refuses to speak the language, actor James Norton can't leave Russia alone. He made a fetching, if not exactly voluble (and, like the other actors, exclusively Anglophone) Prince Andrei Bolkonsky in the BBC's notorious 2016 adaptation of War and Peace. Already in the home-grown Yorkshire police drama Happy Valley (2014), where Norton plays a homicidal psychopath, we note which book his character grabs in order to pass for a soft, fuzzy, studenty type: War and Peace. A subtle in-joke? A heads-up to viewers?

Happy Valley - spot the psychopath

(In a previous post, I've discussed how the BBC cunningly deploys Russian classics as clues to the real identity of baddies. This is an ever-growing list).

In the 2018 oligarch drama McMafia, a high-profile co-production between the BBC and AMC, Norton plays Alex Godman, the 'handsome, rich, and eligible' (in his girlfriend's words) only son of a minor Russian oligarch, now living in exile in London.

James Norton, expressionless hedge fund manager

The elder Godman, played by Alexei Serebryakov, intrepidly drinks vodka from an Evian bottle, especially when driving; behaves inappropriately with everyone (including the ducks in the park); and switches between just two emotional settings: melancholy sentimentality and raging grief. (This role is essentially a reprise of his part in Leviathan, even down to both men's real estate woes - in each plot, Serebryakov's character has been pushed out of his home by a bigger player). Rather than regretting the loss of a bricks-and-mortar property, Serebryakov's McMafia character mourns for all Russia, which he can never re-enter on pain of assassination. To compensate, he insists on speaking exclusively in Russian to his adult children. Young Alex, on the other hand, is an ethical banker with his own fund, which he refuses to invest in Russian interests in order to retain his reputation for probity. He never responds in Russian to his dad, usually citing the presence of his monolingual English-rose girlfriend Rebecca (Juliet Rylance) as an excuse for using English only. His father, unable to object, mutters that Alex speaks Russian like a six-year-old child - the age at which his son left Russia.

James Norton, milking that perfect blankness

Both Godman Sr's slur, and Alex's determined silence, contradict current research. Heritage speakers of Russian (like the Alex Godman character) do lose language-specific morphosyntactic structures in the L1 (here, Russian), but evidence shows that these tend to be minor vocabulary errors rather than incorrect grammar, particularly when the L1 has been used consistently at home.* Odds are, therefore, that instead of doing a Tyutchev, so to speak, Alex and his sister should be well away with the cúpla focal.

Moreover, the BBC is very proud of its decision to use Russian actors (speaking Russian with English subtitles) in McMafia, thus saving the world from cod Slavic accents yet again. (I was slightly disappointed that the Mumbai drug runners spoke the Queen's English instead of Marathi, but I suppose one can't have everything at once). This is why Serebryakov, Maria Shukshina, and others have been hired. Even Alex's preferred martial art is the intimidating Russian Sistema. So why is the man so tongue-tied? In all of episodes 1 and 2, he manages one word in Russian: "Da". At the end of Episode 3, he really goes for it, with two words: "Nichego, Papa." How a man who braves death threats while buying milk can be afraid of speaking Putin's Russian is beyond me. In any case, it will be fun to watch the BBC negotiate the challenges of bilingual filming as the series progresses.

The Platonov Puzzle - a new Ludlum title perhaps?

Will Alex speak THREE Russian words in a row? Will the English subtitles continue to be amusingly inaccurate? Why does Alex's dad have a Platonov anthology stashed in his bedside drawer next to love letters from his mistress?

Where are you taking my girlfriend's passport?

My own suspicion is that James Norton's silence, in character, is simply the logical continuation of a new acting style characterized by extended, awkward reticence and by facial expressions finely calibrated between quizzicality, blankness, and constipation. Ryan Gosling and Tom Hiddleston (the star of another BBC series, 2016's The Night Manager, with which McMafia is readily compared) are both trend leaders. In this series, James Norton spends most of his screen time not saying what we certainly hope he's thinking (Stop sitting on my uncle! Where are you taking my girlfriend's passport? What bloody man is this? Take your hand off my nose, etc) and instead, working truly hard on looking completely blank. It's exhausting just watching him show no expression at all.

Or perhaps he's just really, really keen on Tyutchev.

Молчи, скрывайся и таи
И чувства и мечты свои –
Пускай в душевной глубине
Встают и заходят оне
Безмолвно, как звезды в ночи, –
Любуйся ими – и молчи.

(Nabokov's translation of Silentium can be found here).

James Norton looking faintly quizzical in the buff

*See Eva G. Bar-Shalom and Elena Zaretsky, “Selective attrition in Russian-English bilingual children: Preservation of grammatical aspect”, International Journal of Bilingualism, Vol 12, Issue 4, pp. 281 - 302, https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006908098572; or Olga Kagan and Kathleen Dillon, “Russian Heritage Learners: So What Happens Now?”, The Slavic and East European Journal, Vol. 50, No. 1, Special Anniversary Issue (Spring, 2006), pp. 83-96, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20459235

Raskolnikov in Shetland, or Anna Karenina goes to Grantchester

The recent media agitation about the BBC adaptation of War and Peace has alerted me to subtler cameos by Russian literary masterpieces in popular culture. To my surprise (and to Chernyshevsky's, no doubt, were he still around to insist on utility over aesthetic value), I have discovered that these are useful. In particularly essential ways. Russian novels help the police with their enquiries - literally. If you're a detective, forget background checks - a squint at your chief suspect's bookshelf will tell you all you need to know. If you've got your suspect fingered but can't make an arrest, a knowledge of Tolstoy will help you stay one step ahead of his or her nefarious game.

Starting, naturally enough, with the BBC, let's take their northerly crime series Shetland, now on season three. When DI Jimmy Perez (Douglas Henshall) gets leery about his only suspect in a murder case, played by Ciaran Hinds, he invites himself around to tea and checks out Mr Hinds's reading matter. And this is what he sees:

Suspicious tomes in Shetland

Reunited with his colleagues, DI Perez is quick to share his deductions: ".... His books. These big tomes. You know what it reminded me of? It reminded me of a lifer's cell. No possessions and it's full of these books that no-one but a lifer's got time to read."

Take that, War and Peace - thought you were on-trend? Only a lifer would read you. And as for you, Crime and Punishment, lurking there in the David McDuff translation -  more exciting than picking oakum, but only just.

In the BBC's hit science fiction series, Being Human, vampire heartthrob Hal Yorke is deep in the Penguin Brothers Karamazov when his werewolf housemate storms in to start an argument. Did we mention Hal was a vampire? Hence, a mass-murderer, serial killer, probable child-killer and future world dictator (spoilers). And yet, periodically, he repents. So very Dmitrii (although Dmitrii didn't do it. Did he?).

Brothers Karamazov: light reading for vampires

Channel-hopping to ITV's Grantchester series, or rather to the series of novels by James Runcie that inspired the television drama, we find crime-busting vicar Sidney Chambers already at the top of his game in the opening story of Sidney Chambers and the Shadow of Death (2012). The villainness attempts to tip her love rival into the path of a train at Cambridge Station, but plainclothes detectives foil her on the platform. How did Canon Sid know what she was about to do? He explains that he '"noticed that she liked to read Russian novels. [...] The first time I spoke to her I realized that she was reading Anna Karenina. [...] A story of adultery that begins and ends on a railway line. I informed Inspector Keating of my suspicions..."' Busted! Another fair cop, thanks to Tolstoy.

James Norton, who plays Sidney Chambers in the ITV series, also starred as Prince Andrei Bolkonskii in War and Peace. Now there's a suspicious coincidence...

James Norton before Bald Hills
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